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Effects of PYY1-36 and PYY3-36 on appetite, energy intake, energy expenditure, glucose and fat metabolism in obese and lean subjects.

Sloth B, Holst JJ, Flint A, Gregersen NT, Astrup A

Department of Human Nutrition, Centre for Advanced Food Studies, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 30 Rolighedsvej, DK-1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark. bsl@life.ku.dk

Peptide YY (PYY)(3-36) has been shown to produce dramatic reductions in energy intake (EI), but no human data exist regarding energy expenditure (EE), glucose and fat metabolism. Nothing is known regarding PYY1-36. To compare effects of PYY(1-36) and PYY(3-36) on appetite, EI, EE, insulin, glucose and free fatty acids (FFA) concentrations, 12 lean and 12 obese males participated in a blinded, randomized, crossover study with 90-min infusions of saline, 0.8 pmol x kg(-1) x min(-1) PYY(1-36) and PYY(3-36). Only four participants completed PYY(3-36) infusions because of nausea. Subsequently, six lean and eight obese participants completed 0.2 pmol x kg(-1) x min(-1) PYY(3-36) and 1.6 pmol x kg(-1) x min(-1) PYY(1-36) infusions. PYY(3-36) at 0.8 pmol x kg(-1) x min(-1) produced reduced EI, lower ratings of well-being, increases in FFA, postprandial glucose (only 0.8 pmol x kg(-1) x min(-1) PYY(3-36)) and insulin concentrations, as well as heart rate and EE (only 0.8 pmol x kg(-1) x min(-1) PYY(3-36)). PYY(1-36) at 1.6 pmol x kg(-1) x min(-1) produced increased heart rate and postprandial insulin response. Ratings of appetite were opposite with infusions of 0.8 and 1.6 pmol x kg(-1) x min(-1) PYY(1-36) and seemed to depend on subjects being lean or obese. PYY(3-36) caused increased thermogenesis, lipolysis, postprandial insulin and glucose responses, suggestive of increased sympathoadrenal activity. PYY(1-36) had no effect on EI and no clear effects on appetite but resulted in increased heart rate and postprandial insulin response. However, highest tolerable dose of PYY(1-36) was probably not reached in the present study.

Published 2 April 2007 in Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, 292(4): E1062-8.
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